We provide principles of inheritance and variation practice exercises, instructions, and a learning material that allows learners to study outside of the classroom. We focus on principles of inheritance and variation skills mastery so, below you will get all questions that are also asking in the competition exam beside that classroom.
List of principles of inheritance and variation Questions
| Question No | Questions | Class |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | How is the arrangement of Mendel’s selected seven characters on four chromosomes? A. One in chromosome no. 1,4 in chromosome no. ( 4, ) one in chromosome no. 5 , and one in chromosome no. 7 B. 2 in chromosome no. 1 , 3 in chromosome no. 4 , one in chromosome no. 5 and one in chromosome no. 6 C. 3 in chromosome no. 1,1 in chromosome no. 4,2 in chromosome no. 5 and one in chromosome no. 7 D. 2 in chromosome no. 1,3 in chromosome no. 4,1 in chromosome no. 5 and 1 in chromosome no. 7 |
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| 2 | How many X chromosomes are present in a male? ( mathbf{A} cdot mathbf{0} ) B. ( c cdot 2 ) ( D ) |
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| 3 | How is co-dominance different from incomplete dominance and dominance? |
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| 4 | The human offspring can be of two types with ( mathrm{XX} ) and ( ldots ldots . . . ) chromosomes. A. ( x y ) B. xxx ( c cdot x x x ) D. YY |
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| 5 | The transmission of traits from parents to offspring is called A. Characteristic B. Heredity c. Donation D. Both A and B |
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| 6 | Pea plants were more suitable than cattle for Mendel’s experiment because A. There were no breeding records of cattles B. Pea plants can be self-fertilised c. cattle are not easy to mantain D. All pea plants have 2n chromosomes and fewer genetic traits. |
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| 7 | Branch of biology dealing with heredity and variations is A. Ecology B. Evolution c. Palaeontology D. Genetics |
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| 8 | In humans, sex is determined by A. Y-chromosome B. X-chromosome c. A and X-chromosome D. A and Y-chromosome |
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| 9 | The sex of every animal depends on the fusion. A. Chromosomal B. Bloodd c. RNA D. None of these |
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| 10 | Name of the following: Appearance of a trait due to the presence of an allele exclusively on either the ( X ) chromosome or on the ( Y ) chromosome. |
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| 11 | Mendel selected Pea as material for his experiments because A. It is an annual plant with comparatively short life cycle B. The flowers are self-pollinated c. The number of seeds produced is quite large D. All the above |
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| 12 | Structure present in a cell which is responsible for determination of the sex of a baby is A . Cytoplasm B. Cell membrane c. Nucleus D. chromosome |
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| 13 | A husband and wife have normal vision but fathers of both of them were colour blind. Probability of their first daughter to be colour blind is A . 25% B. 50% c. 75% D. 0% |
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| 14 | Define Heredity. Give two examples. | 12 |
| 15 | How is sex determination happen in birds and honeybees? |
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| 16 | Briefly explain the following terms: (i) monohybrid cross ( (i i) ) Biomedical waste (iii) Innate immunity. (iv) Diapedesis (v) Hormones. |
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| 17 | Which one of the following scientist’s name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him? A. De Vries – Theory of natural selection B. Darwin – Theory of pangenesis c. Weismann – Theory of continuity of germplasm D. Pasteur – Theory of inheritance of acquired characters |
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| 18 | Three Mark Questions How has sex originated? | 12 |
| 19 | Will it be possible to judge the sex of the child by them? | 12 |
| 20 | The principle of independent assortment means A. Separation of characters of one parent B. Non-Separation of characters of one parent C. Separation of characters of both parents together D. Combination of both parental characters |
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| 21 | A woman has only daughters, analyse the situation genetically and provide a suitable explanation. | 12 |
| 22 | Both chromosome and gene (Mendelian factors) whether dominant or recessive are transmitted from generation to generation in which form A. changed B. unaltered form c. altered form D. disintegrated |
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| 23 | Mendel was born in A. 17th century B. 18th century c. 19th century D. 8th century. |
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| 24 | Test cross can not be performed in A. Neurospora B. Man c. Pea D. Dog |
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| 25 | Which one of the following traits of Garden Pea studied by Mendel was a recessive feature? A. Axial flower position B. Green seed colour c. Green pod colour D. Round seed shape |
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| 26 | In honey bee the drones (males) are produced from A. Unfertilized eggs B. Fertilized eggs C. Larvae from unfertilized eggs, which are fed on royal jelly D. Larvae from unfertilized eggs, which are not cared by the workers at all |
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| 27 | What is the blending theory of inheritance? A. Mendels theory of how the traits of parents are passed to offspring through the gametes B. Darwins theory of how traits are passed from all parts of the parents body into the gamete to be transmitted to the offspring C. The modern theory of how genetic information is passed from parents to offspring D. An old theory that said that offspring show traits intermediate between those of the parents |
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| 28 | A trait in an organism is influenced by A. Paternal DNA only B. Maternal DNA only C. Both maternal and paternal DNA D. Neither by paternal nor by maternal DNA |
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| 29 | Male heterogametic sex, ( X X, X O ) type of sex determination is found in A. Butterflies B. Moths c. Grasshoppers D. Drosophila |
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| 30 | Mendal carried out his investigations on which plant? A. Peanuts B. Pigeon Pea c. Garden Pea D. Gram |
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| 31 | Assertion In humans, the gamete contributed by the male determines whether the child produced will be male or female. Reason Sex in humans in a polygenic trait depending upon a cumulative effect of some genes on ( X ) chromosome and some on Y chromosome. A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion. B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect. D. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect. |
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| 32 | Mating of an organism to double recessive for determining homozygosity or heterozygosity is called as A. Reciprocal cross B. Back cross c. Dihybrid cross D. Test cross |
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| 33 | Explain the mechanism of sexdetermination in humans. | 12 |
| 34 | Independent assortment is absent in case of A. Genes located on the same chromosome B. Genes located on homologous chromosomes c. Genes located on nonhomologous chromosomes D. All of the above |
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| 35 | Who is know as father of Genetics? | 12 |
| 36 | Probability of four son to a couple is A ( cdot frac{1}{4} ) в. ( frac{1}{8} ) c. ( frac{1}{16} ) D. ( frac{1}{32} ) |
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| 37 | “Like begets like” an important and universal phenomenon of life is due to A. Eugenics B. Inheritance c. Dominance D. crossing-over |
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| 38 | 93. Arrangement in order of occur- rence (1) timely (2) chronological (3) chronic (4) temporal |
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| 39 | When two individual of ( mathrm{F} 1 ) generation are crossed with each other the phenomenon is called A. Test cross B. Back cross c. Self cross D. None of the above |
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| 40 | Which of the following condition occurs in the person with genotype ( X 0 ? ) A. Cannot survive. B. Will have immature, ambiguous (both male and female) reproductive systems. C. Will be phenotypically female but sterile D. Does not produce steroid hormones. E. None of the above |
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| 41 | What is parental generation(p)? | 12 |
| 42 | Among seven pairs of traits studied by Mendel, the number of traits related to flower, pod and seed were A ( . ) 2, 2, 2 B. 2, 2, 1 ( c cdot 1,2,2 ) D. 1,1,2 |
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| 43 | Study this figure and answer the question. What would B and C represent? A. Zonly B. Wonly ( c . z ) and ( w ) ( D . ) ww |
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| 44 | With the help of suitable examples, explain why certain traits cannot be passed on to the next generation. What are such traits called? |
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| 45 | The determination of sex of the child depends on the chromosome of A. Female в. Male c. The child itself D. None of the above |
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| 46 | Peacock shows which of the following genotype? A. ( x x ) B. XY ( c cdot z z ) D. zw |
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| 47 | Male ( X X ) and female ( X Y ) sometime such conditions occur due to A. Deletion B. Transfer of segments in ( x ) and ( Y ) chromosomes c. Aneuploidy D. Hormonal imbalance |
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| 48 | In bugs and cockroaches (insects), the sex determinations takes place by A. ( x x ) and ( x o ) chromosomes B. ( x x ) and ( x ) y chromosomes c. zz – zw chromosomes D. zo – zz chromosomes |
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| 49 | The inheritance of sex chromosomes in human can be described by the fact that: A. The gametes from each parent have either an ( x ) or a ( Y ) chromosome. B. The gamete from the mother has either an ( x ) or ( Y ) chromosomes c. The gamete from the father has either an ( x ) or a chromosome. D. The gamete from the father only has an ( x ) chromosome. E. The gamete from the mother has only a ( Y ) chromosome |
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| 50 | DNA in the offsprings is contributed by A. Male parent B. Female parent C. Both male and female parent equally D. None of the above |
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| 51 | 41. Thalassemia is an example of (1) Deletion mutation (2) Point mutation (3) Silent mutation (4) Frame shift mutation |
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| 52 | Reduction in weight of an organism due to nutrition is genetically controlled. A. True B. False |
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| 53 | Assume that blue flowered plant is dominant character over the white. When a blue flowered plant is crossed with its white flowered plant, the progeny showed ( 50 % ) of plants with blue flowers is with white flowers. The genotypes of blue and white parents respectively are ( A cdot b b, b b ) B. ВВ, Вь ( c cdot B B, b b ) D. Bb, bb |
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| 54 | Define trait | 12 |
| 55 | Which one of the following conditions of the zygotic cell will produce a normal human female child? A. Only heterologous X chromosome B. One ( x ) and one ( Y ) chromosome c. Two homologous ( x ) chromosome D. Only one Y chromosome |
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| 56 | Assertion XX-XY type of sex determination mechanism is an example of female heterogamety and is found in Drosophila. Reason Male heterogamety is seen in moths where males produce two different types of gamete. A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion C. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect D. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect |
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| 57 | What is the technique for in vitro sex determination? | 12 |
| 58 | The genotype of offspring formed from Tt ( x ) tt will be A. ( pi ) and tt B. Tt and tt c. only tt D. only TT |
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| 59 | Identify the wrong statement A. In male grasshoppers, ( 50 % ) of the sperms have no sex chromosome. B. Usually female birds produce two types of gametes based on sex chromosomes. c. The human males have one of their sex chromosomes much shorter than the other. D. The male fruit fly is heterogametic. E. In domesticated fowls, the sex of the progeny depends on the type of sperm that fertilizes the egg. |
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| 60 | Does the sex of the child depend on the father or it is just a matter of chance? Discuss. |
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| 61 | Bird females have chromosome arrangement as A. ( x y ) B. xo ( c cdot w z ) D. ww |
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| 62 | How many X chromosomes are present in a female? ( mathbf{A} cdot mathbf{0} ) B. ( c cdot 2 ) ( D ) |
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| 63 | Which one is not a dominant trait amongst seven Pea traits chosen by Mendel? A. Flower Colour – Purple B. Pod Colour – Yellow c. Shape of Seed – Round D. Flower – Axial. |
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| 64 | Which of the two, sperm or egg cell (ovum), decides the sex of the child? | 12 |
| 65 | Which of the following is true for the inheritance of sex chromosomes in humans? A. The gametes from each parent have either an ( x ) or a chromosome. B. The gamete from the mother has either an ( x ) or a ( y ) chromosome. c. The gamete from the father has either an ( x ) or a chromosome. D. The gamete from the father only has an ( x ) chromosome. E. The gamete from the mother only has a ( Y ) chromosome. |
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| 66 | Three Mark Questions: Women are often blamed for producing female children. Consequently they are ill treated and ostracized. How will you address this issue scientifically it you were to conduct an awareness programme to highlight the values involved? |
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| 67 | How did Mendel explain that it is possible that a trait is inherited but not expressed in an organism? |
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| 68 | In Drosophila sex is determined by A. ( x ) and ( Y ) chromosomes B. Ratio of pairs of X-chromosomes to the pairs of autosomes C. Ratio of number of X-chromosomes to the sets of autosomes D. Whether the egg is fertilized or develops parthengenetically |
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| 69 | What proportion of the ( f ), generation will be short will wrinkled seeds when pure tall round plant is crossed with pure dwarf wrinkled seeded plant? A. None B. 25% c. ( 50 % ) D. ( 75 % ) |
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| 70 | How many of the structures (A to D) in the following diagram are diploid? ( mathbf{A} ) ( B ) ( c ) ( D ) |
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| 71 | Lyon hypothesis deals with A. Centromere position B. Genetic compatibility c. Genetic incompatibility D. Number of Barr bodies |
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| 72 | In chickens, the female is the homogametic sex. A. True B. False |
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| 73 | Select the incorrect statement. A. Male fruit fly is heterogametic B. In male grasshoppers ( 50 % ) of sperms have no sexchromosome C. In domesticated fowls, sex of progeny depends on the type of sperm rather than egg D. Human males have one of their sex-chromosome much shorter than the other |
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| 74 | Male heterogametic, XX-XO type of sex determination is found in A. Butterflies B. Moth c. Grasshoppers D. Drosophila |
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| 75 | In human zygote male sex is determined by A. Strength of father B. Nutrition of mother c. composition of required chromosome pair D. None of the above |
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| 76 | A Drosophila has ( X X X Y Y ) sex chromosomes. All the autosomal chromosomes are normal. The sexual phenotype will be. A. Normal female B. Super female c. Intersexual D. Male |
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| 77 | A zygote which has an ( X ) chromosome inherited from the father will become A. Boy B. Girl C. Either girl or boy D. cannot be predicted |
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| 78 | How do mendel’s experiments show that (a)traits may be dominant or recessive? (b) inheritance of two traits is independent of each other |
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| 79 | What will happen, if the sperm containing ‘ ( X^{prime} ) chromosomes fertilises the Ovum? A. Female child born B. Male child born c. can not guess D. None |
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| 80 | 33. Coupling and repulsion are the two states of : (1) linkage (2) chiasma (3) mutation (4) crossing over |
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| 81 | Explain the sex determination in human beings. | 12 |
| 82 | Sex chromosomes of a female bird are A. xo B. zz c. zw D. xx E. ( x y ) |
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| 83 | Which of the following possess homogametic male? A. Plant B. Man c. Insect D. Birds |
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| 84 | The maleness of a child is determined by A. The ( x ) chromosome in the zygote B. The Y chromosome in zygote C. The cytoplasm of germ cell which determines the sex D. Sex is determined by chance |
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| 85 | Drosophila with ( 2 A+X O ) are A. Fertile female B. Infertile female c. sterile male D. Intersexes |
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| 86 | When a cross is made between a tall plant with yellow seeds (Tt Yy) and a tall plant with green seeds (Tt yy), what is true regarding the proportions of phenotypes of the offsprings in ( F 1 ) generation? Proportion of Tall and Green Proportion of Dwarf and Green A ( cdot frac{3}{8} frac{1}{8} ) в. ( frac{2}{8} frac{1}{8} ) c. ( frac{1}{8} frac{3}{8} ) D. ( frac{2}{8} frac{2}{8} ) |
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| 87 | Explain the mechanism of ‘sex determination’ in birds. How does it differ from that of human beings? |
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| 88 | Mendel was lucky in the choice of the material of his experiments, which of the following contributed to his success? A. He observed distinct inherited traits B. He qualitatively analysed his date. c. He liked pea plants D. He considered only one character at one time. |
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| 89 | A child who inherits an Y chromosome from father will be a girl. A. True B. False |
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| 90 | In which type of inheritance the results are affected by reciprocal cross? A. Nuclear c. Blending D. All of the above |
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| 91 | Most favourite and ideal material for researches in genetics is A. Housefly B. Mosquito c. Frog D. Fruitfly |
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| 92 | In what the study of ( X X-X O ) type method was done initially? A. Drosophila B. Butterfly c. Grass hopper D. squash – bug |
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| 93 | Word genetics comes from A. Gene B. Genesis C. Genome D. Genomics |
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| 94 | Which is correct? ( A ). Birds have ( Z Z ) -ZW sex determination B. Diosophilla has ( X X ) -XY sex determination C. Henking discovered Y-ch D. Grasshoppers show X-XY sex determination |
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| 95 | Which of the following is dominant trait in pea? A. Wrinkled seed B. White flower c. Dwarf plant D. Green podd |
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| 96 | With the help of an example justify the following statement: “A trait may be inherited, but may not be expressed”. | 12 |
| 97 | The figure shows sex determination in humans. What are the right substitutes for the |
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| 98 | Given the pair of contrasting traits of the following characters in pea plant and mention if it’s dominant or recessive. Round seed A. Dominant B. Recessive c. Incomplete dominant D. None of these |
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| 99 | The total number of chromosomes in an organism with haploid number of 18 would be ( A cdot 18 ) B. 16 ( c cdot 26 ) D. 36 E. 46 |
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| 100 | f a heterozygous tall pea plant is selfpollinated, what will be the heterozygous: homozygous proportion of the progenies? A . 1: 3 B. 1: ( c .3: ) D. 1: 2 |
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| 101 | Mendel choose pea plant due to A. Its economic importance B. Presence of contrasting characters C . Its availability D. Its cheapness |
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| 102 | Male and female birds have the following set of chromosomes. A. zz and zw B. ( x x ) and ( x 0 ) c. zz and zo D. ( x ) y and ( x x ) |
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| 103 | Write a note on the following: (i) Genetic Code (ii) Sex – determination in human. |
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| 104 | In our society, women are blamed for producing female children. Choose the correct option for sex determination in humans. A. Due to some defect like aspermia in man B. Due to genetic makeup of some particular sperm which fertilizes the eggg c. Due to genetic makeup of the eggs D. Due to some defect in women |
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| 105 | Mendel was born in A. Australia B. Heizendorf C . Maravia D. Brunn |
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| 106 | How chromosomes determine sex of a baby? |
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| 107 | Sex of the child is determined by the type of ( ldots ) provided by the father. A. Sperm B. Ovum c. Embryo D. Placenta |
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| 108 | Which one of the following traits of garden pea studied by Mendel was a recessive feature? A. Green seed colour B. Green pod colour c. Round seed shape D. Axial flower position |
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| 109 | In humans, the composition of a zygote that will develop into a female is ( mathbf{A} cdot 44 A+X X ) B. ( 44 A+X Y ) ( c cdot 22+X ) D. ( 23 A ) |
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| 110 | Describe the steps of procedure of Mendel’s experiments with suitable example. |
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| 111 | Is the sperm or the egg responsible for the sex of the chicks? | 12 |
| 112 | Assertion In humans the gamete contributed by the male determines whether the child produced will be male or female. Reason Sex in humans is polygenic trait |
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| 113 | Assertion In humans, the gamete contributed by the male determines whether the child produced will be male or female. Reason Sex in humans is a polygenic trait |
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| 114 | A true breeding plant producing red flowers is crossed with a pure plant producing white flowers. Allele for red colour of flower is dominant. After selfing the plants of first filial generation, the proportion of plants producing white flowers in the progeny would be ( A cdot frac{3}{4} ) B. ( c cdot frac{1}{3} ) ( D ) |
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| 115 | Assertion In pigeons, females are heterogametic and males are homogametic. Reason In pigeons, females have ( z ) W sex chromosomes and males have ( mathrm{ZZ} ) sex chromosomes. A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion B. Both Assertion and Reason are correct but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion c. Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect D. Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect |
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| 116 | Sex chromosomes of birds are B. zz-ww c. ( x x-x y ) D. xo-xxx |
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| 117 | Which one of the following conditions correctly describes the manner of determining the sex in the given example? A. Homozygous sex chromosomes (ZZ) determine female sex in birds B. X0 type of sex chromosomes determine male sex in grasshopper. c. xo condition in human as found in Turner syndrome determines female sex D. Homozygous sex chromosomes (XX) produce male in Drosophila |
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| 118 | Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given. A couple has six daughters, What is the possibility of their having a girl next time? A . 10% B. 50% c. ( 90 % ) D. 100% |
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| 119 | Describe chromosomal theory of sex determination | 12 |
| 120 | Which plant did mendel select for his experiments ? Why? Explain any three charateristics the same. | 12 |
| 121 | Read the following statements and find out the incorrect statement. A) Genetics deals with the inheritance as well as variation of characters from parents to offspring B) Variation is the process by which characters are passed on from parent to progeny C) Inheritance is the basis of heredity D) Inheritance is the degree by which progeny differ from their parents E) Human knew from as early as ( 8000-10000 B . C . ) that one of the causes of variation was hidden in sexual reproduction ( A cdot B, D ) and ( E ) only B. A, C and E only C. B and D only D. E only |
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| 122 | Which is not an example of cytoplasmic inheritance? A. Female sterility in maize B. Sigma particle inheritance c. Kappa particle inheritance D. Plastid inheritance |
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| 123 | How many pairs of contrasting characters in pea were chosen by Mendel? A . 3 B. 5 ( c cdot 7 ) D. |
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| 124 | A woman has only daughters. Which of the following is the suitable explanation for it? A. The man produces sperms with ( x ) and ( Y ) chromosome but only that with ( Y ) chromosomes are viable B. The man produces sperms with ( x ) and ( Y ) chromosome but only that with ( x ) chromosomes are viable c. The man produces sperms with ( x ) and ( Y ) chromosome and all are viable D. None of the above |
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| 125 | Which one carries extra nuclear genetic material? A. Plastid B. Ribosomes c. chromosomes D. Golgi complex |
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| 126 | A son inherits an ( X ) chromosome from A. Mother B. Father c. Both A and B D. Grandparents |
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| 127 | What is meant by In honey bee, males don’t have fathers & thus can’t have sons…but have a grand father ( & ) can have grand sons…?? |
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| 128 | Five Mark Questions: (a) Explain the mechanism of sex determination in humans. (b) Differentiate between male heterogamety and female heterogamety with the help of an example of each |
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| 129 | Which technique is used by Mendel for hybridisation? A. Emasculation B. Bagging c. Meristem culture D. Both A and B |
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| 130 | Mohan has two daughters. He blames his wife for bearing only daughters and no son. How will you convince Mohan that his wife has no role in giving birth to daughters only so that she should not be blamed for it. Further, females are rather more important component of society, What values are involved in this advice? |
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| 131 | Sex determination by chromosomes in human and Drosophila is through. A. ( x x-x y ) B. XX-XO c. zz-zw D. Both A and E |
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| 132 | With the help of a chart, explain the method of sex determination in honeybees. |
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| 133 | Which one correctly determines the ( operatorname{sex} ? ) A. ( x 0 ) condition in Turner’s syndrome determines female ( operatorname{sex} ) B. Homozygous XX produce male in Drosophila C. Homozygous zz determine female sex in birds D. ( times 0 ) determines male sex in Grasshopper |
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| 134 | A male child will be born if A. Father is healthy. B. Mother is well fed during pregnancy. C . Genetic composition of child has XY set of chromosomes. D. Genetic composition of child has ( X X ) set of chromosomes. |
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| 135 | Two independent monohybrid crosses were carried out involving a tall pea plant with a dwarf pea plant. In the first cross, the offspring population had equal number of tall and dwarf plants, whereas in the second cross it was different. Work out the crosses, and explain giving reasons for the difference in the offspring populations. |
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| 136 | Which one of the following conditions correctly describes the manner of determining the sex in the given example? A. Homozygous sex chromosomes (XX) produce male in Drosophila. B. Homozygous sex chromosomes (ZZ) determine female sex in birds c. xo type of sex chromosomes determine male sex in grasshopper. D. xo condition in humans as found in Turner Syndrome determines female sex |
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| 137 | Which of the following character was not selected by Mendel in his experiment? A. Plant height B. Plant colour c. Pod shape D. Pod colour |
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| 138 | Describe haplodiploid sex determination system in honey bees. | 12 |
| 139 | Mother is responsible for the sex of a baby. A . True B. False |
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| 140 | Chromosome theory of ( X Y ) sex determination was proposed by. A. Henking B. Wilson and Stevens c. Johannsen D. Punnet |
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| 141 | Rewrite and complete the following sentences by inserting the correct word in the space indicated. is the scientific name of garden pea, which mendel used for his experiments. |
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| 142 | Mendel’s experiments stand for | 12 |
| 143 | Trait that masks the other trait is called as A. Dominant B. Recessive c. Mutant D. None of the above |
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| 144 | Two Mark Questions: Explain mechanism of sex determination in birds. |
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| 145 | What do we call to the process of transfer of characters from parents to the progeny? |
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| 146 | Which one of the following traits studied by Mendel in garden pea was a recessive character? A. Axial flower positon B. Green cotyledon colour c. Green pod colour D. Yellow seed colour |
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| 147 | A male rabbit of genotype AABBDDEE is crossed with a female rabbit of genotype aabbddee to produce ( boldsymbol{F}_{1} ) hybrid offspring. How many genetically different gametes can be produced by this ( F_{1} ) hybrid ( A cdot 4 ) B. 8 ( c cdot 16 ) D. 32 |
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| 148 | The males of bees and wasps are A. Haploid B. Polyploid ( c cdot x x ) D. xo |
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| 149 | The sex chromosomes of both male and female are respectively A. YY, XX в. ( Y X, X Y ) c. ( x y, x x ) D. All of the above |
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| 150 | The offspring of a cross between two individuals differing in at least one set of characters is called as A. Polyploid B. Mutant c. Hybrid D. Variant |
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| 151 | If the first seven children born to a particular pair of parents are all males, what is the probability that the eighth child will also be a male? A ( cdot frac{1}{2} ) в. ( c cdot frac{1}{8} ) D. ( frac{1}{16} ) |
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| 152 | Which one of the following cannot be explained on the basis of Mendel’s Law of Dominance? A. Factor occur in pairs. B. The discrete unit controlling a particular character is called as factor c. out of one pair of factor one is dominant, and the other recessive D. Alleles do not show any blending and both the characters recover as such in ( F_{2} ) generation |
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| 153 | Branch of ‘botany’ connected with heredity and variations is A. Genetics B. Eugenics c. Palaeobiology D. Euthenics |
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| 154 | The sex of an infant is not a case of inheritance of characteristics. A. True B. False |
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| 155 | Mendel’s conclusion was first published in A. Journal of plant breeding B. Journal of genetics and plant breeding c. Nature forschender verein D. None of the above |
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| 156 | A trait may be inherited, but may not be expressed. Justify this statement with the help of a suitable example. |
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| 157 | Which one of the following features represents a recessive character in Mendel’s pea plants? A. Round seed B. Green pod colour c. Red flower D. Yellow pod colour |
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| 158 | A dwarf pea plant was treated with gibberellic acid (GA), it grew as tall as the homozygous tall pea plant. If this GA-treated plant is now crossed with a pure tall pea plant then the phenotypic ratio in the next generation is likely to be A. All dwarf. B. 50% dwarf, 50% tall. c. 75% tall, 25% dwarf D. All tall |
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| 159 | In Drosophila, the Y-chromosome does not determine maleness but is necessary for fertility. A. True B. False |
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| 160 | The term genetics was coined by A. Mendel B. Bateson c. Strasburger D. All of the above |
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| 161 | Which of the following is responsible for 21 trisomy in humans? A. Pleiotropy B. Polygenic inheritance c. Epistasis D. X-inactivation E. Nondisjunction |
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| 162 | What indication do we get by reappearance of dwarf plant in ( F_{2} ) generation? |
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| 163 | Shell coiling in Limnaea (snail) is an example of A. Maternal inheritance B. Biparental inheritance c. Dauermodification D. None of the above |
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| 164 | Which of the following statement is true? A. Mother determines the sex of the child. B. Father inherits the character to the son only. C. Father inherits the character to daughter only. D. None of the above. |
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| 165 | A cross between two tall garden pea plants produced all tall plants. The possible genotypes of the parents are I) ( pi, ) T II) TT, Tt III) ( T t, t ) IV) ( mathrm{Tt}, mathrm{Tt} ) A . ॥I, IV B. I, IV ( c cdot 1,1 ) D. II, III |
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| 166 | ZZ/ZW type of sex determination is seen in A. Platypus B. Snails c. cockroach D. Peacock |
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| 167 | When a sperm containing Y chromosome fertilises an egg with ( x ) chromosome, the zygote develops into a child. A. Female B. Either male or a female c. Male D. No child |
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| 168 | Chromosomes connected with sex determination are A. Autosomes B. Heterosomes c. oxysomes D. B-chromosomes |
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| 169 | Explain the sex determination in humans. | 12 |
| 170 | Which of the following true for an offspring formed as a result of sexual reproduction? A. The offspring gets a full set of genes from the mother and from the father. B. The offspring gets half the genes from the mother and half the genes from the father. C. The offspring gets all of its genes from the father. D. The offspring gets a random mixture of genes from the mother and father E. The offspring gets all of its genes from the mother. |
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| 171 | When released from ovary, human egg contain A. one Y chromosome B. Two X chromosome c. one x chromosome D. xy chromosome |
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| 172 | In Melandrium, the sex determination type is A. ( x x ) -XY type B. XX-XO type c. zz-zw type D. xy-xo type E. xo-zz type. |
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| 173 | The largest gene in man is A. Dystrophin B. Insulin gene C. Beta globin gene of haemoglobin D. Tumor suppressor gene E . Oncogene |
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| 174 | Mendel is famous for his work on A. Pisum B. Drosophila c. Neurospora D. oenothera |
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| 175 | What is meant by heredity? | 12 |
| 176 | How many pairs of autosomes and pairs of sex chromosomes are present in a human being? |
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| 177 | Which chromosome has satellite? A. Telocentric B. Metacentric c. Acrocentric D. Sub-metacentric |
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| 178 | In human sperm, besides autosomes the chromosome complement contains A. ( x ) and ( y ) B. Either X or Y c. Y only D. x only |
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| 179 | Who is responsible for the sex of offspring-male of female? Why? |
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| 180 | Heterogametic sex determination based on the number of sex chromosomes among the following are A. ( X X-X O ) and ( X X-X Y ) methods B. ( Z O-Z Z ) and ( Z W-Z Z ) methods c. ( X X-X Y ) and ( Z W-Z Z ) methods D. ( X X-X O ) and ( Z O-Z Z ) methods |
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| 181 | XY sex chromosomes were discovered by A. Gregor Johann Mendel B. M.J.D. White c. Nettie Stevens D. Robert Brown |
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| 182 | Which out of these have genetic complement ( 44+X ? ) ( A cdot A ) B. B ( c cdot c ) D. |
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| 183 | A zygote which has inherited a ( Y ) chromosome from the father will develop into ( A cdot A ) boy B. A girl c. Anyone of the above D. None of the above |
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| 184 | Sex of a human child is determined by A. Size of the egg at the time of fertilization B. Size of the sperm at the time of fertilization c. Sex chromosome of father D. Sex chromosome of mother |
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| 185 | What is a monohybrid cross? What is the ratio of tall and dwarf plants obtained in ( F_{2} ) generation? Represent the same with the help of a checker board. |
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| 186 | If the cell of an organism heterozygous for two pairs of genes represented by ( x x, z z ) undergoes meiosis, then the possible genotypic combination of gametes will be A. ( x z ; x z ; x z ; x z ) B. ( x z ; x z ; x z ) c. ( x x ; Z z ; x z ) D. Data incomplete |
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| 187 | Who wrote the book ‘Genetics and Origin of Species’? A. R.A. Fisher B. G.L. stebbins c. T.H. Dobzhansky D. J.B.S. Haldane |
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| 188 | Explain sex determination in humans with a neat labelled diagram. | 12 |
| 189 | A family has five girls and no son, the probability of the occurance of son in 6 ( t h ) child is A ( cdot 1 / 2 ) B. 1/5 ( c ) D. No chance |
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| 190 | Which of the following explains, how progeny can possess the combinations of traits that none of the parent possessed? A. Chromosome theory B. Polygenic inheritance c. Law of segregation D. Law of independent assortment |
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| 191 | What is the inheritance of colour blindness of both parents having a normal vision but mother having a recessive gene for colour blindness? A. Son – 50%; Daughter – nil B. Son-100%; Daughter-nil c. son – nil ; Daughter – 100% D. son-nil; Daughter-nil |
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| 192 | How does sex determination take place in human beings? | 12 |
| 193 | In human beings, sex is determined A. Before fertilization of ovum B. During 6th week of foetal life when androgens are produced C. At the time of fertilization of ovum D. During 7th and 8th weeks of foetal life when gonads differentiate into testis and ovary |
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| 194 | Pre-natal sex determination has been prohibited by law. State the necessity of inforcement of this law. |
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| 195 | A cross done between a homozygous recessive and a heterozygous plant is called as A. Monohybrid cross B. Dihybrid cross c. Test cross D. Back cross |
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| 196 | How is the sex of an offspring determined in humans? A. Sex chromosome of mother B. Size of ovum c. Size of sperm D. Sex chromosome of father |
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| 197 | Both the parents contribute equal amount of material to the offspring. A. Genetic B. RNAA c. Phenotypic D. None of the above |
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| 198 | Two Mark Questions: Differentiate between ZZ and XY type of sex determination mechanism. |
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| 199 | A zygote which has an ( X ) chromosome inherited from the father will develop into a ( A cdot B O y ) B. Girl c. ( x ) chromosome does not determine the sex of a child D. Either boy or girl |
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| 200 | What is inheritance | 12 |
| 201 | In a pea plant, wrinkling of seeds is due to nonformation of starch, because of the absence of A. Amylase B. Invertase c. Branching enzyme D. Diastase |
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| 202 | The F2 generation will show maximum percentage of allele. A. Dual B. Recessive c. Dominant D. None of the above |
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| 203 | Which condition zygotic cell will form normal human female child? A. ( x x ) chromosomes B. Y-chromosome c. x-chromosome D. xy chromosomes |
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| 204 | Gametes are never hybrid’. This statement is law of A. Dominance B. Independent assortment c. Segregation D. Random fertilization |
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| 205 | Is it right to consider the mother responsible for a girl child? | 12 |
| 206 | Very short answer type. Under what conditions does Mendels law of independent assortment apply? |
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| 207 | Sex is determined by different factors in various species. A . True B. False |
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| 208 | Which one of the following pairs is not of a contrasting character? A. Tall and dwarf B. Axial and terminal c. Green and yellow D. Round and light |
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| 209 | Two crosses between the same pair of genotypes or phenotypes in which the sources of the gametes are reversed in one cross, is known as A. Test cross B. Reciprocal cross c. Dihybrid cross D. Reverse cross |
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| 210 | Foetal sex is determined by examining cells from amniotic fluid looking for A. Chiasmata B. Barr bodies and sex chromosomes c. only Barr bodies D. Drumsticks |
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| 211 | On crossing two heterozygous tall plants (Tt), a total of 500 plants were Obtained in ( F_{1} ) generation. What will be the respective number of tall and dwarf plants obtained in ( F_{1} ) generation? A. 375, 125 B. 250, 250 c. 475,25 D. 350, 150 |
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| 212 | Mendel’s principles are related to A. Evolution B. Reproduction C. Variations D. Heredity |
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| 213 | X0 type of sex determination and XY type of sex determination are the examples of A. Male heterogamete B. Female heterogamete c. Male homogametic D. Both B and C |
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| 214 | Which one of the following traits of garden pea, studied by Mendel, was a recessive feature? A. Axial flower position B. Green seed colour c. Green pod colour D. Round seed shape |
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| 215 | Principles or laws of inheritance were enunciated by A. Mendel B. Morgan c. Bateson D. Punnet |
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| 216 | Who rediscovered mendel’s work? | 12 |
| 217 | 42. When a single gene controls the expression of more than one character, it is said to be (1) Heterotrophic (2) Autotrophic (3) Allotropic (4) Pleiotropic |
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| 218 | Mendel studied the inheritance patterns of 12 different pairs of characters of the pea plant. He could ascertain the independent assortment for only 7 of these 12 pairs of characters by repeated experiments. What can be deduced from this? A. The pea plant could have atleast seven pairs of chromosomes. B. The pea plant can have a maximum of seven pairs of chromosomes. C. The pea plant has exactly seven pairs of chromosomes. D. The pea plant can have haploid chromosome number between 7 and 12 only. |
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| 219 | Mendel studied seven contrasting characters for his breeding experiment with a pea. Which of the following characters he did not use? A. Pod shape B. Leaf shape c. Plant height D. Pod colour |
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| 220 | Which one of the following correctly describes the manner of determining the sex in the given examples? A. Homozygous sex chromosomes (XX) produce male in Drosophila. B. Homozygous sex chromosomes (ZZ) determine female sex in birds c. xo type of sex chromosomes determine male sex in grasshopper. D. xo condition in humans as found in Turner’s syndrome, determines female sex |
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| 221 | Which of the following is incorrect regarding ZW-ZZ type of sex determination? A. It occurs in birds and some reptiles. B. Females are homogametic and males are heterogametic. c. sex ratio is produced in the offsprings. D. All of the above |
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| 222 | Which condition of zygote cell will lead to birth of a normal human female child A. one X-chromosome B. one ( x ) and one ( Y ) chromosome c. two X-chromosomes D. one Y-chromosome |
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| 223 | A woman has an ( X ) linked condition on one of her ( mathrm{X} ) chromosomes. This chromosome can be inherited by A. only grandchildren B. Only daughter c. Both sons and daughters D. Only sons |
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| 224 | Which of the following conditions correctly describes the manner of determining the sex in a given example? A. ( x ) O condition in humans as found in Klinefelter’s syndrome determines female sex B. Homozygous sex chromosomes zZ determines female sex in birds C. ( X O ) type of sex determines male sex in grasshopper D. Homozygous sex chromosomes ( X X ) produce male in Drosophila |
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| 225 | Which of the following conditions correctly describes the manner of determining the sex in the given example? A. ( X O ) type of sex determines male sex in grasshopper B. ( X O ) condition in humans as found in Klinefelter’s syndrome determines female sex c. Homozygous sex chromosome ( X X ) produce male in Drosophila D. Homozygous sex chromosome ( Z Z ) determine female ( operatorname{sex} ) in birds |
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| 226 | In male grasshoppers and moths, there are two pairs of autosomes and A. ( x ) only B. x and c. Y only D. None of the above |
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| 227 | During the fusion of the male and female gametes, the male chromosome Y fused with the X chromosome of the female. The offspring born will be A. Boy B. Girl c. Twins D. None of these |
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